The specific items of tractor engine maintenance are as follows:
Drain the old oil and clean the impurities at the oil filter seat and drain plug.
Install new oil filter and tighten according to specified torque.
Add new oil that meets the tractor specifications and check that the oil level is within the normal range.
Take out the air filter element and check its pollution level. If the filter element is too dirty or damaged, it should be replaced in time.
Clean the inside of the air filter housing to ensure that there is no dust and debris.
Use a gauge to measure the valve clearance and adjust it according to the tractor model and technical requirements.
Ensure that the valve clearance is within the specified range to ensure the normal working performance of the engine.
Check the fuel filter, if there is blockage or pollution should be replaced in time.
Check whether the fuel line is leaking, aging or damaged, and repair or replace it in time if there is a problem.
Clean the fuel tank to remove water and impurities from the bottom.
Check the coolant level, if insufficient, add it in time.
Check whether the radiator, water pipe, and water pump are leaking, blocked, or damaged.
Clean the dust and debris on the surface of the radiator to ensure good heat dissipation.
The walking characteristics of wheeled tractor
（一）Features:
1.Good maneuverability, fast speed, flexible steering, suitable for all kinds of terrain and working environment.
2.The pressure on the road surface is relatively small, and it is not easy to damage the road surface.
3.Maintenance costs are low and tire changes are relatively easy.
（二）constituent part:
What are the faults of tractor electrical system?
Cause: The battery power is insufficient, the battery is damaged, and the charging system is faulty.
Performance: startup difficulty, abnormal power indicator on the dashboard, electrical equipment can not work normally.
Cause: loose generator belt, internal generator failure, regulator failure, etc.
Performance: The battery cannot be charged, the charging indicator on the dashboard is steady on.
Cause: light bulb damage, line failure, instrument damage, etc.
Performance: The light is not bright, the meter is not accurate or does not work.
The engine of a tractor may have a variety of failures during use, and the following are some common types of failures:
Causes: insufficient battery power, starting circuit failure, fuel system blockage, ignition system failure, internal mechanical failure of the engine, etc.
Performance: After pressing the start button, the engine does not respond or rotates slowly, and cannot start normally.
Causes: insufficient fuel supply, air filter blockage, insufficient cylinder pressure, fuel injector failure, engine overheating, etc.
Performance: When the tractor is driving or operating, the power decreases significantly, the acceleration is slow, and even the tractor cannot run normally.
Reasons: cooling system failure (such as insufficient coolant, radiator blockage, water pump failure, etc.), excessive engine load, insufficient oil or deterioration.
Performance: The water temperature indicator on the instrument panel is too high, the engine surface temperature is abnormally high, and even the phenomenon of “boiling” appears.
Reasons: crankshaft bearing wear, piston and cylinder clearance is too large, improper valve clearance, loose transmission belt, etc.
Performance: The engine emits abnormal sounds during operation, such as tapping, friction, buzzing, etc.
Tractors can be classified in different ways:
First, according to the walking device classification
1.Wheeled tractor
It is the most common type of tractor. It has the advantages of fast speed, good maneuverability and flexible operation.
Wheeled tractors have different specifications and types of tires, which can be selected according to the operating environment and needs.
2.Crawler tractor
The track and the ground contact area is large, the pressure on the ground is small, and it is not easy to trap the car on the soft land.
It has good passability and stability, suitable for use in harsh operating environments.
3.Walking tractor
Simple structure, small and flexible, suitable for small fields and narrow areas of operation.
Easy to operate, relatively low price.
4.Boat tractor
Suitable for paddy field work, its special ship-shaped chassis can reduce the sinking depth in paddy field.
It has good permeability and stability of paddy field.
Second, according to the size of the power classification
1.Small tractor
The power is generally under 20 horsepower.
Mainly used for small farmland operations, such as tillage, sowing, transportation and so on.
2.Medium tractor
The power is between 20 and 100 horsepower.
It is suitable for medium-sized farm operations and can be used for various agricultural production activities.
3.Large tractor
Power is more than 100 horsepower.
It is mainly used for large-scale farmland operations and heavy agricultural projects, such as subsoiling and joint land preparation.
The overseas market of construction machinery shows a diversified and continuous development trend.
In recent years, the global construction machinery market has continued to grow, especially in emerging economies and developing countries, and the demand for infrastructure construction is strong, which has promoted the demand for construction machinery.
From a regional perspective, the Asia-Pacific region is one of the largest construction machinery markets, and large-scale infrastructure construction projects in China, India and other countries have driven market demand. The market in Europe and North America is relatively mature, but the demand for high-end, environmentally friendly construction machinery is still stable. With the advancement of energy development and infrastructure construction in the Middle East and Africa, the demand for construction machinery is also gradually increasing.
In terms of products, excavators, loaders, cranes, bulldozers, etc. are the main demand products in overseas markets. Among them, the excavator market share is large, because it is widely used in earthmoving engineering, building construction and other fields.
With the recovery of the global economy and the promotion of infrastructure construction, the overseas market of construction machinery is expected to continue to grow, but it also faces challenges such as intensifying market competition, trade protectionism, and differences in technical standards.
Characteristics and scope of application of common bulldozer
(1) Crawler type: This type of bulldozer has the advantages of large adhesion traction and strong climbing ability, and can be competent for more sinister working environment. It is a representative type of bulldozer and is widely used in all kinds of earthwork projects;
(2) Tyre type: This type of bulldozer has the advantages of high speed, short working cycle time, no damage to the road surface and good mobility, and is suitable for municipal engineering;
(3) Special type: This type of bulldozer is suitable for specific work situations, and there are wetland bulldozer, amphibious bulldozer, underwater bulldozer, blasting bulldozer, cabin bulldozer, military fast bulldozer, etc.
The bulldozer has the characteristics of flexible operation, convenient rotation, small working face and fast driving speed. It is mainly suitable for shallow excavation and short transportation of one to three types of soil, such as site cleaning or leveling, excavation of small depth of foundation pit and backfill, pushing the height of the roadbed and other operations. The use of bulldozer is very wide, is one of the most commonly used shovel transport machinery, in the earthmoving construction machinery occupies a very important position. Bulldozers in roads, railways, airports, ports and other transportation construction, in mining, farmland transformation, water conservancy construction, large-scale power stations and national defense construction plays a huge role.
Chinese bulldozers have the following competitive advantages in overseas markets:
1. Cost-effective: On the basis of ensuring product quality and performance, the price is relatively reasonable, which can provide customers with more cost-effective choices.
2. Continuous improvement of technology: Through continuous research and development investment and technological innovation, China’s bulldozers have gradually caught up with the international advanced level in technology, such as intelligent control, energy conservation and emission reduction and other fields have achieved certain results.
3. Customization capability: We can provide customized products and solutions according to the specific needs and operating environments of customers in different regions to better meet the individual needs of the local market.
4. Rapid response after-sales service network: The establishment of a relatively complete global after-sales service system, can respond to customer needs in a timely manner, provide rapid and effective repair and maintenance services, reduce customer costs and risks.
5. Rich product line: Covering different specifications, power and functions of the bulldozer products, to provide customers with more choices.
6. Strong production capacity: with the ability of large-scale production, can meet the large demand of the market in time to ensure the stability of product supply.
7. Adapt to diverse working conditions: for different construction conditions and working conditions, targeted design and optimization, so that it can work efficiently in a variety of complex environments.
In summer, tractor maintenance needs to pay special attention to the following aspects:
1. Clean cooling system
Regularly clean the debris, dust and dirt on the water tank, radiator and fan to ensure a good heat dissipation effect.
2. Check cooling system
Ensure that coolant is sufficient and of good quality to prevent engine overheating. Replace the coolant if necessary.
3. Maintain the air filter
There is more dust in the air in summer, and the air filter should be checked and cleaned frequently to prevent poor intake.
4. Tire maintenance
Pay attention to the tire pressure to avoid too high or too low pressure. Too high air pressure is easy to blow a tire at high temperature, and too low will increase tire wear.
5. Electrical system inspection
Check the wires for damage, aging or poor contact to prevent short circuits and fire.
6. Lubrication system
Replace and add lubricating oil as required to ensure that all components are well lubricated.
7. Fuel system
Clean the fuel filter regularly to prevent impurities from clogging the oil line.
8. Parking and protection
Avoid the tractor being exposed to sunlight for a long time and can be parked in a cool and ventilated place. If possible, use car clothing for protection.
9. Check brake system
Ensure good braking performance, timely adjustment and replacement of worn brake components.
10. Regular engine maintenance
Perform regular engine maintenance according to the requirements of the user manual, including checking valve clearance, spark plug, etc.
In short, the maintenance of tractors in summer is very important, and the maintenance measures can be carefully done to extend the service life of tractors and improve work efficiency.