Bulldozer as one of the representatives of China’s high-end manufacturing industry, ups and downs experienced nearly half a century of development, with the continuous improvement of construction mechanization requirements, bulldozer technology is constantly moving forward. Looking forward to the future, China’s bulldozer market will be more intelligent, environmental protection and technology.

1. Intelligent

Bulldozer future technology is the main development direction of intelligent, information technology, sensor technology, control technology and other high and new technology applied in bulldozers, operation, use, in order to realize the bulldozer performance improvement and improve, improve work efficiency, improve power performance, improve equipment stability, reduce driver fatigue, and even realize unmanned automatic, intelligent construction.

2. Environmental protection

Green design technology, green manufacturing technology and renewable technology will be the development trend of bulldozer and even the whole construction machinery industry in the future, which is inevitable with the economic development and environmental protection awareness. Whole life cycle of green environmental protection design is at the beginning of the product development design to manufacture, use, maintenance, recycling and reuse of the life, the safeguard function, reliability, on the basis of fully considering environmental properties, improve the utilization rate of resources, reduce pollution, the process of making product technical, environment and economy to achieve coordination.

3. Technology

At present, a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation marked by digitalization, networking and intelligence is gestation and rising, with intelligent manufacturing and intelligent products as the new mode of manufacturing. At present, wired and wireless remote control technology of construction machinery products, intelligent control panel, remote control, remote diagnosis, cluster scheduling management, automatic operation, intelligent construction and other technologies based on GPS positioning technology are gradually developed and promoted.

Although in recent years our country bulldozers industry achieved rapid development, but with the foreign advanced enterprise of technology, there is still a large gap in the future should intensify their efforts to research and development of advanced technology industry of our country the bulldozer heavily in improving the reliability of the products at the same time, to speed up the application of new technology, improve product technology content and the technical level; To meet the needs of different users; The development of multi-functional, multi-purpose products, to achieve a machine multi-purpose, high efficiency and energy saving, improve product competitiveness.

When we repair the hydraulic cylinder of construction machinery, we can see the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder, the piston or the piston rod surface has some honeycombed holes, which are caused by cavitation.The harm of hydraulic cylinder cavitation is quite large, it will lead to the black surface, and even the phenomenon of supporting ring and sealing ring burning, resulting in the internal leakage of the hydraulic cylinder.When cavitation and other types of corrosion work together, it will accelerate the corrosion speed of the main parts of the hydraulic cylinder several times or even dozens of times, so as to seriously affect the normal use of construction machinery.Therefore, it is very necessary to prevent the cavitation of hydraulic cylinder.

(1) strictly close the selection of hydraulic oil
(2) prevent the oil temperature from being too high and reduce the hydraulic impact
(3) keep the normal clearance of the joint surface of the hydraulic components
(4) pay attention to the exhaust during maintenance

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Loaders are used for filling and digging of roadbed engineering, aggregate and loading of asphalt mixture and cement concrete yard. In order to maintain the normal operation of the loader and prolong its service life, the various components of the loader must be systematically and carefully inspected, adjusted and cleaned to create good working conditions for the normal operation of the loader and prevent early wear and tear of the loader. All kinds of failures, give full play to the performance of the loader. Therefore, various maintenance work must be done carefully before and during the use of the loader.

First of all, the vehicle must be maintained in accordance with the requirements in the loader manual. It takes about 60 hours for the new car to travel in. During the travel in period, the following must be done:

1. Read the manual of the loader carefully and pay attention to every precaution in the manual.

2. During the running-in period, forward gears and backward gears, each gear should be evenly arranged for running-in. The load weight during the running-in period shall not exceed 70% of the rated load.

3. Pay attention to the lubrication of the machine and replace or add lubricating oil at the specified time.

4. You must always pay attention to the temperature of the gearbox, torque converter, front and rear axles, wheels and brake drums. If there is overheating, find out the reason and eliminate it.

5. During the walk-in period, it is advisable to load loose materials, and do not proceed too violently or hastily.

6. Check the temperature and connection of each component of the electrical system, power supply status of the generator, lighting and other working conditions.

7. Comprehensively check the tightening of bolts and nuts of each key component of the loader (engine, axle box, rim, drive shaft, etc.).

8. After the running-in period expires, clean the transmission oil pan filter, replace with new oil; and change the engine oil and transaxle oil.

Secondly, the loader should be regularly maintained according to the following stages:

Check the engine oil level, fuel tank oil level, water tank water level, brake fluid every day (every 10 hours) around the machine visually for any abnormalities and three leaks; check lights and gauges; check tire pressure and lubrication of each hinge Condition: Check the tightening condition of the bolts in key parts.

Every half month (every 100 hours), in addition to repeating the above daily inspection items, it is also necessary to clean the diesel tank fuel filter, engine cylinder head and torque converter oil cooler; check the battery liquid level and apply a thin layer of windshield on the joints ; Be sure to replace the front and rear drive axle gear oil.

Every month (every 250 hours), in addition to repeating the above half-month inspection items, check the tightening torque of the rim fixing bolts; check the front and rear axle oil levels; check the working device and the front and rear frame for cracks in the stressed welds; check Adjust the foot brake and emergency parking brake. It is important to check the engine: check the engine fan belt, compressor and generator belts for tightness and damage; check the engine intake system air filter service indicator, if the indicator yellow piston rises to the red area, it should be cleaned or replaced Air cleaner element.

In addition to repeating the above monthly inspection items every three months (every 500 hours), the connecting bolts of the front and rear axles and the frame must be checked and tightened; the engine oil must be replaced, and the oil filter element must be replaced: check the engine valve clearance and clean the diesel tank to refuel and Suction filter; check the steering system, the empty stroke of the steering wheel.

Every six months (every 1000 hours), in addition to repeating the above inspection items every three months, it is also necessary to check and replace the transmission oil, clean the oil filter and oil pan; check the operation of the engine, and replace the diesel filter of the engine; Check various temperature gauges and pressure gauges; replace the drive axle gear oil and the oil return filter element of the hydraulic oil tank; check the brake booster and replace the brake oil.

Every year (every 2000 hours), in addition to repeating the above semi-annual inspection items, the engine must be overhauled according to the diesel engine manual; the transmission and the oil and hydraulic oil for the front and rear axles; check the working conditions of the foot brake and parking brake, If necessary, disassemble and check the friction lining wear. Clean and check the seals and springs of the brake booster, replace the brake fluid, and check the sensitivity of the brake; check the flexibility of the steering system by measuring the natural settlement of the cylinder, checking the sealing of the distribution valve and the working cylinder; checking the working device , Frame, and rim welds.

Finally, pay attention to the following points in the use of the loader:

1. When replacing hydraulic oil, brake fluid, gear oil and lubricating oil, you must use the model specified by the loader manufacturer. Pay special attention to the different types of brake fluids that cannot be mixed.

2. In winter (generally the temperature is below -5°C), the engine should be warmed up before starting, and the engine should be warmed up to above 30-40°C before starting. The water tank should be filled with antifreeze (for vehicles that do not use antifreeze in winter, all the cooling water in the water tank, engine block, and heater must be drained when the machine is not working).

3. It is strictly forbidden for the user to modify the loader without authorization, and the manufacturer is not responsible for the quality problems caused by the modified bow.

4. The diesel used by the loader must be pure and precipitated for at least 72 hours. The diesel grade should meet the specified requirements.

5. The hydraulic transmission oil used in the gearbox and torque converter, and the hydraulic oil used in the hydraulic system must be clean.

6. Diesel engine outlet water temperature is higher than 60°C and engine oil temperature is higher than 50°C before full load operation is allowed. Engine water temperature and engine oil temperature during operation should not exceed 95°C. The oil temperature of the torque converter does not exceed 120°C. It should be stopped for cooling when the oil temperature exceeds the allowable value for heavy-duty operation.

7. The power of the diesel engine used by the loader decreases with the increase in altitude, ambient temperature and relative temperature. For this reason, when using the loader, you must pay attention to the local environmental conditions. According to the “Diesel Engine Operation and Maintenance Manual” The requirements in the power correction table give the actual power of the diesel engine under local conditions.

The above is all the introduction about the maintenance of the loader. We hope that through our sharing, the majority of users will have a new understanding of the maintenance of the loader, and regular and reasonable maintenance of the loader will extend its service cycle.

In recent years, agricultural mechanization at home and abroad has entered a new stage of rapid development. At the same time, the safe driving operation technology of tractor drivers has become an important subject that cannot be ignored. The essentials of tractor operation, as the main link of tractor safe driving operation, is the content that every tractor driver must learn, know, and know.

1. Getting started

There are three keys to the start of the tractor: one is the size of the gas pedal; the second is the timing to relax the brake; the third is the cooperation of the accelerator and the clutch. When starting, first step on the brake pedal with your right foot, step on the clutch pedal with your left foot, shift the gear into low gear, then step on the accelerator pedal slowly with the forefoot of your right foot, and slowly release the clutch pedal with your left foot until the engine sounds When there is a change or the body shakes a little, quickly raise the right heel, release the brake pedal, and then slightly depress the accelerator pedal. In this way, the tractor can start smoothly. The key here is the coordination of the left foot and the right foot.

Note that the process of engaging the clutch should be fast and then slow. When starting, the clutch should not be lifted sharply. The clutch pedal should be loosened slowly. When driving, be careful not to step on the clutch pedal to avoid early wear of the clutch friction plate. The clutch has a semi-disengaged state, which reduces the wear time of the clutch friction.

2. Change gears

If the low gear shifts to the high gear, refuel first to increase the speed. Then, step on the clutch pedal and quickly move the gear lever to a higher gear. But if you switch from high gear to low gear, you should use two-leg clutch and one-leg oil control. Namely: reduce the accelerator first] to reduce the vehicle speed, then disconnect the clutch, and quickly shift the gear, and then raise the clutch pedal to put the lower gear. Finally, refuel steadily and the gear shift is complete. When the driver changes gears, he should keep his eyes on the front instead of lowering his head to shift gears. Because the moment when the vehicle is moving, the head is lowered and the gear is changed, accidents are prone to occur. At the same time, you must keep your body straight and not swing your upper body with your hands to relax your upper body naturally.

Note when shifting gears: Do not look left or right, or look down at the shift lever, and do not push or pull the shift lever to avoid damage to the gear. Pay attention to step by step when shifting, and can’t go beyond the gear. When changing gears, you should also pay attention to that, when changing the forward or reverse direction, you can shift gears only after the standby motor car has stopped. Changing gears actually changes the ratio of the engine speed to the speed of the drive shaft. The lower the gear, the greater the speed ratio. The torque and traction are also greater.

Conversely, the higher the gear, the smaller the torque and traction. Therefore, when the tractor is running, when the movement resistance increases and the traction force is required, the low gear should be selected. First gear and second gear can be used for temporary overload. For example, a low gear should be selected when going up and downhill to keep the vehicle speed even, and gear shifting is forbidden in the middle to avoid slipping caused by improper operation. The low-speed gear has low vehicle speed, high engine speed, faster temperature rise, higher fuel consumption, and increased driving costs. Therefore, the time to resist low-speed driving should be as short as possible. The middle gear is a transitional gear from low gear to high gear or from high gear to low gear. Usually, it is used when there is difficulty in crossing, turning, bridge or passing.

When the road conditions are good and the engine has sufficient power, a high gear should be selected. High-speed gear travels fast and saves fuel, but traffic safety must be ensured. When a tractor is driving, it needs to constantly change its driving speed as the environmental conditions change. Therefore, timely, accurate and rapid gear shifts play a great role in prolonging the service life of the locomotive, maintaining stable driving, and saving fuel.

3. Turn

When turning, slow down first before turning. For beginners, it is not allowed to turn sharply at high speed. If you need to make a sharp turn, you must follow the principle of “slow down, whistle, and drive on the right”. When making a slow turn, you should turn the steering wheel early and turn the steering wheel less frequently. When turning sharp turns, turn the steering wheel late and turn the steering wheel more. When turning small turns, you can use unilateral braking to assist you at low speeds. In addition, when turning, do not get too close to the inside. You should turn the steering wheel according to the degree of curvature and the distance of the roadside obstacles so that the inside rear wheels can pass smoothly and prevent the rear wheels from crossing the road and encountering obstacles.

4. Reversing

When the tractor is driving backwards, it is necessary to use the rearview mirror, keep the mind focused, and use the low-oil door to decelerate, and must take care of the front and back, pay close attention to the presence of people and obstacles, and be ready to stop at any time. First of all, ensure that there is enough space for reversing. If the tractor needs to change direction when turning in reverse, the turning direction of the steering wheel should be consistent with the direction to be turned, so that the turning radius of the front turning in the original direction is smaller than the turning radius of the trailer, and the trailer can change direction. When the trailer turns, turn the steering wheel back to the right, so that the front of the trailer can be reversed straight in the same direction as the trailer.

5. Brakes

When braking slowly, first reduce the accelerator, use the engine to brake, reduce the vehicle speed, and use the brake to brake intermittently. When braking suddenly, you should quickly step on the brake pedal, and then disconnect the clutch to stop within a short distance.

6. Parking

When temporarily stopping, the clutch and brake pedals can be depressed at the same time to realize temporary parking. When parking for a long time, after stepping on the clutch and brake pedal, lock the brake pedal and the engine stops. When parking, pay attention to first reduce the throttle and reduce the driving speed. Depress the clutch pedal again, place the shift lever in the neutral position, and depress the brake pedal to achieve a safe stop. After getting off the truck, use stones or bricks to hold the wheels against the tractor to prevent the tractor from slipping behind.

The above is the relevant introduction about tractor operation skills. With the rapid development of agricultural mechanization, more and more users buy tractors at home and abroad. Only when the tractor is used and operated correctly can the efficiency of the tractor be fully utilized, the use cost is reduced, and the tractor is extended life.